CF

Mach-O file signature

Magic number at the start of the file

CF FA ED FE

Mach-O is the executable format on macOS and iOS. The magic is feedface or feedfacf, byte-swapped by endianness, so a modern 64-bit little-endian Mac binary starts CF FA ED FE.

Hex signature
CF FA ED FE
Offset
0 (start of file)
Length
4 bytes

What this magic number means

A magic number is a short, fixed run of bytes at a known position that tells a program what a file really is, no matter what the filename says. If a file starts with the bytes CF FA ED FE, it is a Mach-O file.

A universal (fat) binary that bundles several architectures instead starts with CA FE BA BE, the same bytes as a Java class file. See the CAFEBABE signature page for how they are told apart.

Signature variants

Mach-O appears with more than one byte pattern. These all identify the same family:

Hex signatureOffsetNote
FE ED FA CE032-bit, big-endian
FE ED FA CF064-bit, big-endian
CE FA ED FE032-bit, little-endian
CF FA ED FE064-bit, little-endian (typical on modern macOS)

Formats that use the CF FA ED FE signature

No single file extension owns this signature exclusively; it belongs to the Mach-O format itself.

It is also seen in: dylib, bundle.

How to check a file's signature

You can read the first bytes of any file yourself. The magic bytes are shown in hex, the same way this page lists them.

Linux & macOS

  • xxd -l 16 example.bin
  • hexdump -C -n 16 example.bin
  • file example.bin

Windows (PowerShell)

  • Format-Hex -Path example.bin -Count 16

Python

  • open("example.bin","rb").read(4).hex()

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Frequently asked questions

What is the Mach-O file signature?

Mach-O files start with the hex bytes CF FA ED FE. This magic number identifies the format regardless of the file's name or extension.

How do I check a file's magic number?

Open the file in a hex editor, or run a command such as xxd -l 16 example.bin on Linux or macOS, or Format-Hex -Path example.bin -Count 16 in Windows PowerShell, and read the first bytes.

Can a file fake the Mach-O signature?

Renaming a file does not change its bytes, so the extension can lie but the signature usually cannot. A genuine Mach-O file has these exact bytes; a file with the wrong bytes is not really Mach-O, whatever its name says.

Related signatures

Sources