The hex bytes that identify 111 file formats, with the offset each one sits at.
| Format | Hex signature | ASCII | Offset | Used by |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PNG | 89 50 4E 47 0D 0A 1A 0A | .PNG.... | 0 | .png, .apng |
| JPEG | FF D8 FF | ÿØÿ | 0 | .jpg, .jfif |
| GIF | 47 49 46 38 | GIF8 | 0 | .gif |
| BMP | 42 4D | BM | 0 | .bmp |
| TIFF | 49 49 2A 00 | II*. | 0 | .tiff, .dng, CR2, NEF, ARW |
| WebP | 52 49 46 46 ?? ?? ?? ?? 57 45 42 50 | RIFF....WEBP | 0 | .webp |
| PSD | 38 42 50 53 | 8BPS | 0 | .psd |
| ICO | 00 00 01 00 | - | 0 | .ico |
| HEIC | 66 74 79 70 68 65 69 63 | ftypheic | 4 | .heic, HEIF, HEIX |
| AVIF | 66 74 79 70 61 76 69 66 | ftypavif | 4 | .avif |
| JPEG 2000 | 00 00 00 0C 6A 50 20 20 0D 0A 87 0A | ....jP .... | 0 | .jp2 |
| DDS | 44 44 53 20 | DDS | 0 | .dds |
| OpenEXR | 76 2F 31 01 | v/1. | 0 | .exr |
| ICNS | 69 63 6E 73 | icns | 0 | .icns |
| SVG | 3C 3F 78 6D 6C | <?xml | 0 | .svg |
| JPEG XL | 00 00 00 0C 4A 58 4C 20 0D 0A 87 0A | ....JXL .... | 0 | .jxl |
| PCX | 0A | - | 0 | .pcx |
| Netpbm (PPM/PGM/PBM) | 50 36 | P6 | 0 | .ppm |
| Windows Metafile | D7 CD C6 9A | - | 0 | .wmf |
| Enhanced Metafile | 20 45 4D 46 | EMF | 40 | .emf |
| Windows cursor | 00 00 02 00 | - | 0 | .cur |
| Radiance HDR | 23 3F 52 41 44 49 41 4E 43 45 | #?RADIANCE | 0 | .hdr |
| MPEG-1/2 | 00 00 01 BA | - | 0 | .mpg, .vob |
| MP4 | 66 74 79 70 | ftyp | 4 | .mp4, .m4v, .m4b, .m4r, .f4v, M4A |
| MOV | 66 74 79 70 71 74 20 20 | ftypqt | 4 | .mov |
| 3GP | 66 74 79 70 33 67 70 | ftyp3gp | 4 | .3gp |
| Matroska / WebM | 1A 45 DF A3 | - | 0 | .mkv, .webm, .mka |
| AVI | 52 49 46 46 ?? ?? ?? ?? 41 56 49 20 | RIFF....AVI | 0 | .avi |
| ASF (WMV / WMA) | 30 26 B2 75 8E 66 CF 11 | 0&.u.f.. | 0 | .wmv, .wma, .asf |
| RealMedia | 2E 52 4D 46 | .RMF | 0 | .rm |
| MXF | 06 0E 2B 34 02 05 01 01 0D 01 02 01 01 02 | ..+4.......... | 0 | .mxf |
| MP3 | 49 44 33 | ID3 | 0 | .mp3 |
| WAV | 52 49 46 46 ?? ?? ?? ?? 57 41 56 45 | RIFF....WAVE | 0 | .wav |
| FLAC | 66 4C 61 43 | fLaC | 0 | .flac |
| OGG | 4F 67 67 53 | OggS | 0 | .ogg, .opus, .ogv |
| AAC (ADTS) | FF F1 | - | 0 | .aac |
| AIFF | 46 4F 52 4D ?? ?? ?? ?? 41 49 46 46 | FORM....AIFF | 0 | .aiff |
| MIDI | 4D 54 68 64 | MThd | 0 | .mid |
| Sun audio (.snd) | 2E 73 6E 64 | .snd | 0 | .au |
| Core Audio Format | 63 61 66 66 | caff | 0 | .caf |
| DTS surround | 7F FE 80 01 | - | 0 | .dts |
| Monkey's Audio | 4D 41 43 20 | MAC | 0 | .ape |
| WavPack | 77 76 70 6B | wvpk | 0 | .wv |
| DSF (DSD audio) | 44 53 44 20 | DSD | 0 | .dsf |
| TTA (True Audio) | 54 54 41 31 | TTA1 | 0 | .tta |
| AMR speech | 23 21 41 4D 52 | #!AMR | 0 | .amr |
| Dolby Digital (AC-3) | 0B 77 | .w | 0 | .ac3 |
| 25 50 44 46 2D | %PDF- | 0 | .pdf, .ai | |
| RTF | 7B 5C 72 74 66 31 | {\rtf1 | 0 | .rtf |
| PostScript / EPS | 25 21 50 53 | %!PS | 0 | .eps, PS (PostScript) |
| OLE2 Compound File | D0 CF 11 E0 A1 B1 1A E1 | - | 0 | .doc, .xls, .ppt, .msi, .msg, .pub |
| WordPerfect | FF 57 50 43 | ÿWPC | 0 | .wpd |
| OneNote | E4 52 5C 7B 8C D8 A7 4D AE B1 53 78 D0 29 96 D3 | .R\{...M..Sx.).. | 0 | .one |
| ZIP | 50 4B 03 04 | PK.. | 0 | .zip, .docx, .xlsx, .pptx, .apk, .epub |
| 7Z | 37 7A BC AF 27 1C | 7z¼¯'. | 0 | .7z, .cb7 |
| RAR | 52 61 72 21 1A 07 00 | Rar!... | 0 | .rar, .cbr |
| gzip | 1F 8B | - | 0 | GZ, TGZ, SVGZ |
| bzip2 | 42 5A 68 | BZh | 0 | BZ2, TBZ2 |
| xz | FD 37 7A 58 5A 00 | ý7zXZ. | 0 | .xz, TXZ |
| Zstandard | 28 B5 2F FD | - | 0 | .zst, TZST |
| TAR (ustar) | 75 73 74 61 72 | ustar | 257 | .tar, .cbt, .ova |
| Cabinet (CAB) | 4D 53 43 46 | MSCF | 0 | .cab |
| ACE | 2A 2A 41 43 45 2A 2A | **ACE** | 7 | .ace |
| StuffIt | 53 49 54 21 00 | SIT!. | 0 | .sit |
| Debian package | 21 3C 61 72 63 68 3E | !<arch> | 0 | .deb, AR, LIB |
| RPM package | ED AB EE DB | - | 0 | .rpm |
| xar (macOS .pkg) | 78 61 72 21 | xar! | 0 | .pkg, XAR, SafariExtz |
| PE (EXE / DLL) | 4D 5A | MZ | 0 | .exe, .dll, SYS, SCR, OCX |
| ELF | 7F 45 4C 46 | .ELF | 0 | SO, AXF, core |
| Mach-O | CF FA ED FE | - | 0 | dylib, bundle |
| Java class / Mach-O fat | CA FE BA BE | - | 0 | CLASS, Mach-O universal binary |
| WebAssembly | 00 61 73 6D | .asm | 0 | WASM |
| SQLite | 53 51 4C 69 74 65 20 66 6F 72 6D 61 74 20 33 00 | SQLite format 3\0 | 0 | .sqlite, .db, .mbtiles |
| Shapefile | 00 00 27 0A | - | 0 | .shp |
| Apache Parquet | 50 41 52 31 | PAR1 | 0 | .parquet |
| Apache Avro | 4F 62 6A 01 | Obj. | 0 | .avro |
| NumPy array | 93 4E 55 4D 50 59 | .NUMPY | 0 | .npy |
| HDF5 | 89 48 44 46 0D 0A 1A 0A | .HDF.... | 0 | .hdf5 |
| PCAP capture | D4 C3 B2 A1 | - | 0 | .pcap |
| GGUF (local LLM) | 47 47 55 46 | GGUF | 0 | .gguf |
| Apache Arrow / Feather | 41 52 52 4F 57 31 | ARROW1 | 0 | .arrow |
| MATLAB MAT-file | 4D 41 54 4C 41 42 20 35 2E 30 | MATLAB 5.0 | 0 | .mat |
| SPSS data file | 24 46 4C 32 | $FL2 | 0 | .sav |
| NetCDF (classic) | 43 44 46 01 | CDF. | 0 | .nc |
| FITS (astronomy) | 53 49 4D 50 4C 45 | SIMPLE | 0 | .fits |
| Unix compress (.Z) | 1F 9D | - | 0 | .z |
| WIM | 4D 53 57 49 4D 00 00 00 | MSWIM... | 0 | .wim, .esd |
| VHD (virtual disk) | 63 6F 6E 65 63 74 69 78 | conectix | 0 | .vhd |
| VHDX (Hyper-V disk) | 76 68 64 78 66 69 6C 65 | vhdxfile | 0 | .vhdx |
| VMDK (VMware disk) | 4B 44 4D 56 | KDMV | 0 | .vmdk |
| QCOW2 (QEMU disk) | 51 46 49 FB | QFIû | 0 | .qcow2 |
| ISO 9660 | 43 44 30 30 31 | CD001 | 32769 | .iso |
| Apple Disk Image | 6B 6F 6C 79 | koly | -512 | .dmg |
| BitTorrent | 64 38 3A 61 6E 6E 6F 75 6E 63 65 | d8:announce | 0 | .torrent |
| WebVTT | 57 45 42 56 54 54 | WEBVTT | 0 | .vtt |
| XML | 3C 3F 78 6D 6C 20 | <?xml | 0 | .xml, .gpx, .kml, .dae, .fb2, .opf |
| Byte order mark (UTF-8 / UTF-16) | EF BB BF | - | 0 | .txt, CSV, XML, HTML, SRT, any Unicode text file |
| Binary property list | 62 70 6C 69 73 74 30 30 | bplist00 | 0 | .plist |
| TrueType | 00 01 00 00 | - | 0 | .ttf |
| TrueType Collection | 74 74 63 66 | ttcf | 0 | .ttc |
| OpenType | 4F 54 54 4F | OTTO | 0 | .otf |
| WOFF2 | 77 4F 46 32 | wOF2 | 0 | .woff2 |
| PLY (Stanford) | 70 6C 79 0A | ply. | 0 | .ply |
| VRML | 23 56 52 4D 4C | #VRML | 0 | .wrl |
| glTF (binary GLB) | 67 6C 54 46 | glTF | 0 | .gltf |
| FBX (binary) | 4B 61 79 64 61 72 61 20 46 42 58 20 42 69 6E 61 72 79 | Kaydara FBX Binary | 0 | .fbx |
| Blender | 42 4C 45 4E 44 45 52 | BLENDER | 0 | .blend |
| AutoCAD DWG | 41 43 31 30 | AC10 | 0 | .dwg |
| GIMP XCF | 67 69 6D 70 20 78 63 66 20 | gimp xcf | 0 | .xcf |
| DjVu | 41 54 26 54 46 4F 52 4D | AT&TFORM | 0 | .djvu |
| Mobipocket | 42 4F 4F 4B 4D 4F 42 49 | BOOKMOBI | 60 | .mobi, .azw |
File signature reference by WhatFileType, reusable under CC BY 4.0.